{"id":11625,"date":"2024-11-20T13:56:14","date_gmt":"2024-11-20T18:56:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/silveuscropins.com\/?p=11625"},"modified":"2024-12-02T14:13:27","modified_gmt":"2024-12-02T19:13:27","slug":"fire-ants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/silveuscropins.com\/fire-ants\/","title":{"rendered":"Managing Fire Ants on the Ranch and Farm: Defending Against the Ant Invasion"},"content":{"rendered":"
Fire ants, also known as RIFA (Red Imported Fire Ants), have become a major pest for many southern states and counties. These ants, infamous for their aggressive nature, can cause damage in several different ways to humans, livestock, and equipment. These invading insects cause billions of dollars of damage across the US, affecting multiple industries and residential spaces. On top of that, their prolific and rapid breeding is helping them spread quickly to new areas, as they face less competition here in North America compared to their natural home in South America. Today, we will take a closer look at the red imported fire ant to learn more about it, and what we can do to help contain and manage the pests.<\/p>\n<\/div>
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According to the University of Tennessee’s Extension<\/a>, imported fire ants come in three different varieties in the states. There are the black imported fire ants, known as Solenopsis richteri<\/i>, the red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta<\/i>, and then a hybrid fire ant that came from the two invasive ant species combining. While there are native species of fire ants to the Americas, they are often rapidly overshadowed by their more infamous cousins who tend to inflict far more damage.<\/p>\n These invasive species of fire ants tend to use intricately designed mounds above the ground to assist their colony with temperature regulation and keeping the nest warm for the growing brood.\u00a0 However, just because a large mound is not present does not mean that there are no ants there. In hotter periods, the ants tend to nest and stay further under the earth to escape the hotter temperatures. They will even build tunnels that go all the way to the water table to help cool the nest on hotter days. The water moisture also helps the ants with building, making it easier to stick granules of dirt together.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div> For more information on the biology of fire ants, check out this fantastic documentary from the channel Free High-Quality Documentaries!<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div> Most species of ants usually have a single queen and several “princesses” who are new queens that are not quite ready to start a nest yet. These princesses will be sent out in a large group after a mating flight to found their own colonies. The same applies to most imported fire ants. However, some colonies contain multiple queens (called polygyne) that all produce eggs for the same nest.<\/p>\n According to the University of Florida’s researchers<\/a>, broods that use the multi-queen strategy tend to have a few variations from other fire ant broods.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div> For more information on the biology of fire ants, check out this fantastic documentary from the channel Free High-Quality Documentaries!<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div> For example, the multi-queen variety tends to build new mounds closer together and are not aggressive to neighboring colonies, causing a larger number of fire ants per acre. Additionally, the workers tend to be a bit smaller, and one queen from a polygyne colony will not produce as many eggs as the single queen from other fire ant colonies. However, having multiple queens often makes up for the reduced egg production per queen, as these polygyne colonies often produce a overall greater number of eggs.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div> Fire ants are most well known for their incredibly aggressive nature and painful sting. When a fire ant attacks, it will grip the target with its mandibles, and then proceed to use its rear stinger to jab and inject venom into the victim. While doing this, it will pivot at its head, and continue to jab and insert venom repeatedly, typically up to seven or eight times. The venom injected by the fire ants has a high concentration of toxins which causes the burning sensation associated with fire ant stings (Ferguson College of Agriculture<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div> Due to their aggressive nature, if anything disturbs their nest, they will attack it relentlessly. Fire ants often wait to begin stinging until additional ants are on the target, resulting in a simultaneous strike, sometimes before the victim is even aware of what is happening. Most fire ant stings are non-lethal, but mass numbers of stings can be fatal for younger livestock and children. Doses of the venom can also cause deadly allergic reactions in some people. Even if the stings do not kill an animal, too many can cause sickness, requiring some form of medical treatment. While most adult animals can usually avoid too much damage, a young calf or fawn born directly into a fire ant nest has a decent chance that the ants will kill it before it can escape.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div> Fire ants are also known for their strange affinity for electrical fields and damaging equipment. According to this report on managing fire ants that get into electrical equipment, <\/a>The ants often end up foraging in electric boxes and moving nests into them. When nesting in an electrical box, the ants chew through wires or move soil into the location, causing corrosion. Nests in equipment cause extra problems, as the ants attack any maintenance personnel who attempt to fix the malfunctioning equipment. Additionally, when ants from several different species end up getting shocked, they release communication pheromones that attract other ants to the location. This can result in a large pile of dead electrocuted ants, gumming up and damaging the system.<\/p>\n<\/div> The ants don’t limit their damaging tendencies to poorly located colonies inside electrical equipment alone. They sometimes build nests in crevices of equipment, which can gum up machinery or lead to a nasty surprise for employees handling the tools. Additionally, fire ant mounds in fields often harden, and, when tall enough, can dull and damage cutting machinery as it hits them (Management of Imported Fire Ants in Cattle Production Systems<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>Multi-Queen Nests (Polygyne)<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Why Are Fire Ants a Problem?<\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Potential Injury to Family, Employees, and Livestock<\/h3><\/div>
Damage to Electrical and Field Equipment<\/h3><\/div>